找一个生活中，博士

当准备在线课程，视频可能会浮现在脑海中的第一件事。而且，视频可以是一个好主意。但是，你当然不希望改变你的50分钟演讲成50分钟的视频。

Instead, think carefully about your learning goals for each class session. And, think about which portions of your lecture class are best suited for video format.

你可以教不需要通过讲义，指定阅读，讨论板，播客和在线活动视频您的学习目标。（您可以检查出我的LMS网站上的部分例子。)

Once you’ve settled on a learning goal you think is well-suited for a short video, the first step is to do an online search to see if someone else has already made an excellent short video on the topic. There’s absolutely no need to reinvent the wheel. If you want to introduce a concept and there is a highly produced, scientifically accurate video freely available online, by all means, use that one.

(For example, I have created18 videos for teaching race and racism, and you may find some of these useful instead of creating your own video that explains the种族和民族之间的差异或者是什么racial formation theoryis.)

如果，在另一方面，没有什么可以传达你想教什么，它的时间，使自己的短片。

How to make own videos for teaching

Making videos for teaching can be fun, although making high-quality videos takes a lot of time. I took over a year to make those 18 videos, and I had a lot of help. Here are a few simple steps to follow to make your videos.

Step 1: Write a script.
你的脚本应该在100个到500字之间。它大约需要一分钟读100个字，所以，将让您的视频在1至5分钟的理想长度。

Step 2: Decide on the media for each sentence.
Look at each sentence in your script and decide on the best way to convey that sentence. There are at least four possibilities: 1) live-action; 2) still images; 3) slides with words; and 4) pre-recorded videos.

Our brains use two primary channels to take in information – audio and visual. We can use both channels simultaneously but can only take in input on one type of channel at a time. Both listening to and reading words are on the audio channel. So, we can listen to audio and look at an image. But, we can’t listen to audio and read words at the same time. Thus, if you show words on the screen, use the same ones you are speaking, and keep the words minimal.

第3步：创建一个故事板，影片中的每个句子指定介质。

I use PowerPoint for my story boards, but you should use whatever technology is easiest for you. Some people like to use Excel sheets for story boards, for example.

Photo by Andrea Piacquadio from Pexels https://www.pexels.com/photo/photo-of-woman-holding-brown-book-with-her-child-3818561/

Step 4: Start with still images.
There are tons of free images available on sites likepexels,unsplash, andFlickr的。You can also find historical images in wikicommons. Try to find images that add value to what you are saying. If you are talking about emotional bonds, for example, you can show a photo of a mother and child. The image reinforces the message. Look at each sentence and decide if it can be conveyed using an image.

Step 5: Add in one or two pre-recorded videos。
Pexels和其他网站也有提供免费的视频，你可以在录制你的声音。采用运动图像而不是静止图像可以保持观众的受理时间较长。也有可能是通过运动捕捉更好，如在水上船只的运动通过海路讨论移民的概念。

步骤6：在添加与滑动单词，短语，或是关键的数字。
Your slides with just words on them should be minimal. But, if there is a definition, concept, sentence, or figure students need to see, include a slide with that concept.

Example of a slide that includes a definition and an image.

步骤7：包含一些真人
Live-action involves you speaking. When students see your face, it creates a human connection. So, having some live-action is useful. It can be a good idea to include some live-action at the beginning or in those places where you can’t find an image that works well.

As should be clear, making good videos takes a lot of thought and time. So, only make videos for your classes if you have determined you really need them. Otherwise, use alternative methods of conveying information.

Do you spend all of your time teaching?

对于所有的教授，教学是我们工作的一个重要组成部分。然而，对于大多数的教授，这不是我们所要做的唯一的重要组成部分。我们中的大多数其他义务和风险，我们把这些处于危险之中时，我们花光了所有的我们的时间上课和分级准备。

我 - 教学 - 在我第一年任期轨道上！

In a recent岗位我解释说，我花了一周约六小时为每个类我教做准备。作为一个警告，我会说这个数字是瞎猜，和小时数取决于类。

当我教研究生研讨会时,我通常have to spend about four hours reading the book I assigned, another two hours taking notes on it, and another hour writing out discussion questions and reading students’ responses. In graduate seminars, I usually spend about five to ten minutes at the beginning of the class laying out the importance of the book to the field and then we spend the rest of the class engaging in discussion. Typically, I ask one student to lead class discussion each week.

When I teach an undergraduate class, the weekly readings usually only take me two hours or less, and I spend more time on grading and preparing PowerPoint slides. For undergraduate classes, I usually spend about 15 minutes of an hour-long class lecturing, and use the rest of the time for discussion and in-class activities.

我一直在教学型大学了近十年，通常基于种族，移民和社会学的写作班授课。

这里有七个提示，以避免花所有的时间教学。

提示1：尽量减少新课程棉片。
你这样做的能力将受到机构有所不同，但很多管理员会发现你的建议，你教不超过一个新的准备一年合理。就个人而言，我觉得一年就足以让事情变得有趣的新课程准备。

提示＃2：密切相关的你的研究，尽可能教课。
If your research is on race, offer to teach a graduate seminar on race. When choosing the books, choose those texts you are grappling with in your own work. A graduate seminar should have the classics, of course, but students also need to be familiar with cutting-edge work in your field, and they will benefit immensely with hearing you talk about how you are engaging new ideas in your own work.

对于本科教学，你也经常可以选择密切相关，你自己的工作读数，有时甚至驾驶自己的书籍或文章中的类。

Tip #3: Keep lectures to a minimum.
I hope that all of your classes are not 300-student lectures – where lecturing may be the only option. However, if you have 60 students or less in the room, you should be able to engage students in discussion. For a 50-minute class, I usually lecture for about ten to fifteen minutes. I use this time to make it clear to students what topics they need to be paying attention to and what I hope to accomplish during the class period. Then, I move into discussion and group activities.

提示＃4：找到最适合你的时间表，并要求它。
一些部门和大学都更加灵活比其他安排。知道什么教学时间是最适合你的是对得到一个理想的教学时间的第一步。当最适合你？

In my first job, I was given a teaching schedule of 8am to 10am on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays. I taught at those times for the first year, and then asked to change. Over time, I have realized that the ideal teaching time for me is in the afternoon and that I prefer to teach my classes in three-hour blocks. Thus, I ask for this schedule, and, thus far, have been able to make a case for it.

Tip #5: Set aside specific times for class preparation and stick to them.
This semester, I am fortunate to have only one class that I teach on Wednesday afternoons. I read for class on Monday and Tuesday evenings. I prepare my PowerPoint slides from 10am to noon on Wednesdays, and finalize my notes and grade short papers between 2pm and 3pm when class starts. I use Thursday office hours to respond to student inquiries and to deal with other things related to teaching. Since I know I have time set aside for each of these activities, I rarely think about class outside of those times.

Tip #6: Engage the students in discussion from the first day of class.
As I said above, I rarely lecture, and when I do, my lectures are short. Once I have finished conveying information to students, I ask them a series of questions. My class preparation thus involves preparing a short lecture, and then preparing a list of questions to ask students. I go through the questions, asking them one by one. Sometimes it becomes clear that I need to clarify certain points, so I may move back into a brief lecture. Other times students may take class in a direction I had not anticipated, so I try and bring them around. Either way, a discussion-based class is more engaging and requires less preparation than preparing and practicing an hour-long lecture.

提示＃7：使用量规进行分级。
Grading is another area that can be very field-specific. However, most fields allow for the use of rubrics to grade papers. I assign two five-page papers in each of my 45-student undergraduate classes, and use rubrics to grade them. The rubrics are straightforward and allow me to communicate effectively with students what points they are getting and what points they are missing. That way, I do not have to write extensive comments on their papers.

In fact, unless you are a language teacher, you should not line-edit your students’ work. And, even if you are a language teacher, this指南explains that you should only line-edit the first 20 percent and then let students do the rest of the editing themselves.

有你有它 - 我7个技巧是一个更有效的教师。

虽然读者经常要求这个职位，我已经等了很久，因为它似乎有点忌讳建议我们尝试和减少的时间，我们花的教学量，写出来，在部分。bepaly安卓客户端我们毕竟是教授！在另一方面，我应该说，我一直得到很高评价的教学和学生的定期，他们学到了很多在我的课传达给我。在我最新的一组学生的评价，我的教学成绩平均为6.7人出来7.学生评价是教学成功的只有一个指标 - 但我想我会与大家分享，作为进一步的证据，你不必花40小时每星期为一个类准备这个类是成功的。

我认识到，这些技巧可能是最适合的人在与我相似的情况 - 在一个大的公共机构在社会科学教学。不过，我想，任何教授会发现至少其中的一些建议帮助。

Let me know what works for you in your quest to be an effective and efficient teacher.